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UID:20260806T205221EDT-9779R0xzNV@132.216.98.100
DTSTAMP:20260807T005221Z
DESCRIPTION:Dr. Alexandra-Chloé Villani\n\nPost-Doctoral Associate\nBroad I
 nstitute of MIT and Harvard\nBoston\, USA\n'Genetic investigation of infla
 mmatory bowel disease and\npost-infectious irritable bowel syndrome:\nthe 
 contribution of innate immunity candidate risk variants'\n \nAbstract\n \n
 The gastrointestinal (GI) tract represents the largest surface\nof the bod
 y that is continuously exposed to microorganisms. In this\nenvironment\, h
 ost survival requires that the intestinal microbial\nflora be properly con
 tained without excessive immune-reactivity to\ncommensal bacteria while re
 taining the ability to respond to\nepisodic pathogens. This discriminative
  recognition between\nbeneficial commensal bacteria and potentially harmfu
 l pathogens\ndemands an accurate interpretation of the GI mucosal immune s
 ystem.\nAny defects in the processes of innate immune recognition and\nkil
 ling may lead to the development and perpetuation of chronic\nintestinal i
 nflammation\, namely inflammatory bowel disease (i.e.\nCrohn's disease (CD
 ) and ulcerative colitis (UC)) and\npost-infectious irritable bowel syndro
 me (PI-IBS). Investigation of\nthe contribution of genes involved in the h
 omeostasis and\nregulation of the intestinal innate immune response to the
 \nsusceptibility of CD\, UC\, and PI-IBS led to the discovery of NLRP3\nas
  a novel CD susceptibility gene and TLR9\, CDH1\, and IL6 as the\nfirst ge
 netic risk factors for PI-IBS susceptibility ever reported.\nThis link bet
 ween NLRP3 and CD\, and follow-up functional studies\,\nbrought further em
 phasis to the importance of intra-cellular\nbacterial sensors (particularl
 y the NALP3 inflammasome) in\nsurveying the intestinal microbial flora and
  in contributing to CD\npathogenesis\, and supported the recent shift in C
 D\nimmunopathogenesis paradigm. The unfortunate Walkerton\ncontaminated-wa
 ter tragedy provided a unique opportunity to study\nfor the first time gen
 etic determinants of PI-IBS in a large\,\nwell-defined study cohort with s
 imultaneous and well-characterized\nexposure. The PI-IBS association resul
 ts are consistent with\ncurrent conceptual models of IBS pathogenesis\, an
 d emphasize the\nimportant roles of gut flora\, intestinal epithelial barr
 ier\nfunction\, and inflammatory pathways in the onset of this disease.\nO
 verall\, these results have deepened our comprehension of the\ncomplex int
 errelationship between enteric infection\, intestinal\nmicrobial flora\, g
 enetic susceptibility\, and disease pathogenesis\nby providing novel insig
 hts about potential mechanisms and pathways\ninvolved in the development o
 f these diseases.\n
DTSTART:20101202T160000Z
DTEND:20101202T160000Z
LOCATION:Duff Medical Building\, CA\, QC\, Montreal\, H3A 2B4\, 3775 rue Un
 iversity
SUMMARY:Guest Speaker Seminar - Dr. Alexandra-Chloé Villani
URL:/channels/event/guest-speaker-seminar-dr-alexandra
 -chlo%C3%A9-villani-169796
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